Saturday, May 30, 2009

Degenerative Joint Conditions

Information for Understanding Arthritis and Degenerative Joint Conditions, and Nutritional Supplements designed to support Degenerative Joint Conditions.
For Nutritional Supplements formulated to support the management of Arthritis, Joint and Muscle Conditions with background, rational and references for ingredients in nutritional supplements to support Arthritis, Joint and Muscle Conditions. Please go to their pages.
Understanding Arthritis, Joint Disorders & Degeneration

What Is Arthritis?
Arthritis is the inflammation of a joint and it’s surrounding tissues, including the cartilage, ligaments, and tendons. Arthritis can be caused by numerous dis-ease states and chemistry imbalances, nutritional deficiencies, genetic disorders, and over-use (wearing-out) of the joints. The joints most often affected with arthritis are found in the back and spine, neck, shoulders, elbows, wrists, fingers, hips, knees, ankles, and toes. The most common symptoms of arthritis include painful, limited movement in the affected joint(s), swelling of the joints, increased heat and redness in surrounding tissues, and a dry, crackling sensation or sound emanating from the affected joint.

What Causes Arthritis?
Arthritis can be caused by many factors. Nutritional deficiencies leading to arthritis usually involve calcium depletion, or a diet poor in fresh vegetables and high in acid and mucous-producing foods. Arthritic conditions can also be related to unbalanced body chemistry (acid pH), imbalances of the body’s glands and the hormones they produce, genetic (family) history, allergic reactions to foods, auto-immune reactions (when the body’s immune system attacks itself), and stressful lifestyles or environments. Other common causes include osteoporosis (thinning of the bones), and long-term use of anti-arthritic drugs and over-the-counter pain medications. Anabolic steroids, used by some body builders, can lead to arthritis-like degeneration of the joints. Finally, overuse of any joint in the body can cause the wearing down of the cartilage between two bones (osteoarthritis) or instability of the joint.

What Are The Main Types of Arthritis?

1. Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD), or Osteoarthritis.
DJD is the breakdown or wearing-out of the cartilage on the ends of the bones, which limits the ability of the bones to move against each other. This occurs mainly in large, weight bearing joints, or in other joints where there have been years of repetitive movement. The cartilage between the bones allows the bones to move (or slide) on each other, providing stable movement at the joints. If the smooth cartilage between the bones becomes roughened from wear and tear, it causes friction between the bones, leading to pain in the joint. With osteoarthritis, you will often see bone spurs on x-rays, and occasionally soft cysts (fluid filled cavities in the bones and/or joints. Osteoarthritis usually develops after the age of forty, affecting women three times more than men. Classic symptoms include joint stiffness in the morning upon arising, or after periods of resting and/or sitting. Movement, stretching, or heat relieves this stiffness. Other symptoms include pain that increases with the use of the affected joint(s), progressive reduction of joint motion, and pain, redness, and swelling in the surrounding tissues.
Osteoarthritis (degenerative joint disease), the most common form of arthritis, is found in many different joints in the body: but particularly in the knees, neck, back, hips, and fingers. It commonly causes pain, inflammation, and decreased range of motion. Considered by western allopathic doctors as an irreversible process of joint destruction. Western drug treatment, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) such as aspirin and Ibuprofin treat the symptoms of joint pain and degenerative joint conditions, however, they do not slow the progression of the disease. In fact, long-term use of NSAID's can cause further joint damage (decrease bone repair, increase micro-fractures) and accelerate the progression of osteoarthritis by inhibiting synthesis of proteoglycans.

2. Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Rheumatoid and juvenile rheumatoid (affecting young people) arthritis(RA) are serious, painful joint diseases. RA primarily affects the cartilage (at the end of the bones), and tissues that surround the lubricating fluid in the joint. The tissues in and around the joint are often degenerated or completely destroyed and replaced with scar tissue. RA can affect the entire body, but it most often affects the small joints of the fingers and hands. These joints become swollen, tender, and in advanced cases, deformed. The pain and deformity of advanced RA is often crippling. Rheumatoid arthritis affects over two million Americans. It occurs in women twice as frequently as men, often in people aged under 40 years old. Juvenile RA, as the name states, can involve even young children. The primary causes (onset factors) of rheumatoid arthritis appear to be linked to bacterial infections, nutritional deficiencies, or physical and/or emotional stress.

3. Gouty Arthritis.


Gouty arthritis occurs mainly in people who are ‘living the high life’ eating rich foods, red meats, and regularly drinking alcohol. It is caused by the formation of uric acid crystals in the bloodstream (another chemistry imbalance), which find their way into the joints and their surrounding tissues, causing extremely sharp, needle-like pain in the joints (especially the joints of the big toe). Fever, body chills, sweats, and loss of joint motion often accompany this intense pain. Over 90% of gout sufferers are overweight males, over the age of forty. Health problems related to or caused by gout include indigestion, constipation, depression, headache, a higher risk of heart and kidney disease, and various skin conditions.

4.Psoriatic Arthritis

Psoriatic arthritis is similar to rheumatoid arthritis. Psoriatic arthritis usually affects people with psoriasis of the skin, and/or nails (common symptoms include a characteristic red, flaky or scaly skin rash, and thick, eroded nails) or those with a family history of psoraisis. Psoriatic arthritis causes pain, inflammation, swelling, and eventually degeneration, primarily in the joints of the fingers and toes, and sometimes the hips and spine.

Which Nutrients Can Help?
Nutrients, which I often recommend to patients suffering from arthritic conditions, include glucosamine sulfate, mucopolysaccharides, shark cartilage, and bovine cartilage, which all replace joint ‘ground substances’ and cause the regeneration of the cartilage and other joint tissues. The enzyme bromelain and sea cucumber (Beche-de-mer) have natural anti-inflammatory compounds effective with arthritic and joint conditions. Herbs that I commonly recommend for arthritic conditions include, white willow bark for natural pain relief; boswellia serrata and feverfew as natural anti-inflammatory agents; yucca, as a blood purifier; and cat’s claw, to stimulate the immune system and for it’s anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties. Many of these nutrients are found in Biotics Research's joint formulae.

What About Dietary Oils?
Another important group of nutrients related to arthritic conditions are essential fatty acids such as Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids. They come in the form of both plant and fish oils (evening primrose oil, black currant seed oil, borage oil, flax seed oil, soy oil, pumpkin seed oil, and various fish oils). In numerous research studies, these oils have been shown to provide ‘lubrication’ to the joints, and help control the pain and inflammation of arthritis. It is important that people are digesting fats well so the body can properly utilize these dietary oils. Many of these dietary oils are found in our Optimal EFA, which is a special blend of omega 3's and good omega 6's.

Can Antioxidants Help?
I recommend many varieties of antioxidant nutrients, including Vitamins A, C, E, beta carotene, and super oxide dismutase (SOD) to help eliminate and prevent the formation of free-radicals, which contribute to the degeneration of the joints and aging.

Acidic Body Chemistry, Can It Lead To Arthritis?
In my clinical nutrition practice, I have found that one of the most common denominators of arthritic patients is a urine acid/base (pH) which is acidic (lower than 6.3). You can buy urine pH test strips at any pharmacy to test your own urine. This general acidity of the body creates an increased potential of developing inflammatory conditions such as arthritis. The acidity does not just manifest in the urine, it spreads through the whole body chemistry, creating or contributing to inflammatory and degenerative conditions. The two things I have found to reduce or eliminate this acidity include improving overall digestion and cleansing the body internally. For this I recommend my ‘Healthy Alternatives Plus- Digestion & Stomach Upset Support’ formula, to reduce fermentation, putrefaction, and acid created throughout the gastrointestinal tract. I also highly recommend cellular, colon and liver cleansing to reduce or minimize general (systemic) acidity.

Which Foods Make The Body More Acid? (BAD)
In looking at diet, I have found that an individual may be able to make their body pH less acidic by eating less acid-forming foods and eating more alkaline producing foods. The most acid-forming food is sugar (any kind), and all foods containing sugar. Other acid-formers include alcohol, beans and legumes (black beans, chickpea, green pea, kidney, lentil, lima bean, pinto bean, red bean, soybean, soy milk, tofu, white bean), catsup, cocoa, coffee, cornstarch, cranberry, dairy products (casein, cheese, milk, yogurt), eggs, fats and oils (avocado oil, canola oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, grape seed oil, lard, olive oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, and sunflower oil), fish, flour-based foods, fruit juices (especially citrus and cranberry), grains (amaranth, barley, buckwheat, corn, oats, quinoa, rice, rye, triticale), wheat, meat (red), most all other animal proteins, mustard, noodles, nuts (cashew, filbert, Brazil, peanut, peanut, pecan, tahini, walnut, and any nut butter), oatmeal, olives, pasta, pepper, plums, prunes, sauerkraut, seeds (most), shellfish, soft drinks (colas), tea (most), and vinegar. Most chemical drugs are acidic. Acidic sweets and sweeteners include all candy, honey, maple syrup, saccharin (poison anyway), sugar. Most alcoholic beverages are acidic, including beer, sake, vodka, whiskey, and some wines.

Which Foods Make The Body More Alkaline? (GOOD)
Foods that increase the alkalinity of the body include most fruits and vegetables. Vegetables include alfalfa sprouts, asparagus, avocado, bean sprouts, beets, broccoli, brussels sprouts, burdock, cabbage, carrot, cauliflower, celery, chard, coconut, collard greens, cucumber, daikon, dandelion root, kale, kohlrabi, kombu, lettuce, lotus root, mushroom, mustard green, nori, okra, olive, onion, parsnip, peas, peppers, potato (most), pumpkin, rutabaga, spinach, squash, sweet potato, taro, turnip, wakame and watercress.
Fruits (raw, not juices) include apple, apricot, banana, blackberry, blueberry, cantaloupe, cherry, currant, date, fig, gooseberry, grapes and raisins, grapefruit, honeydew, lemon, lime, loganberry, nectarine, orange, peach, pear, persimmon, pineapple, raspberry, strawberry, tangerine, most tropical fruits, and watermelon. One alkaline-forming grain is millet. Two alkaline forming sweeteners are raw honey and molasses. Teas that are alkaline-forming include dandelion, ginseng, and kuzu. Other alkaline formers include aloe vera liquid preparations (never eat raw aloe), and ‘green foods’ such as alfalfa, barley grass, chlorella, chlorophyll, parsley, and wheat grass.

Are There Other Dietary Links To Arthritis?
There is also a dietary link to arthritic conditions from consumption of vegetables in the nightshade family: bell pepper, egg plant, tomatoes, and white potatoes. Supplemental iron medications are suspect in increasing pain, joint destruction and swelling. I recommend that people get their iron from plant sources: foods high in elemental iron are blackstrap molasses, broccoli, cauliflower, lima beans and peas. The herb yellowdock is known to contain large amounts of elemental iron.
Proper nutrition and arthritis specific nutritionional supplementation offers answers to people who are suffering from arthritic conditions. Our ‘Joint Support’ formula provides specific ground substances (nutritional building blocks) to regenerate ‘worn out’ joints and surrounding tissues, and provides the appropriate cellular and tissue nutrients that reduce arthritic symptoms, allowing improved joint function. Our ‘Essential Fatty Acids’ formula provides specific Omega-3 and Omega-6 essential fatty acid nutrients which nourish and lubricate the joints, vitamin E, and an herb, Rosemary, clinically shown to reduce pain.
Western drug treatment, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) such as aspirin and Ibuprofin treat the symptoms of joint pain and degenerative joint conditions, however, they do not slow the progression of the disease. In fact, long-term use of NSAID's can cause further joint damage (decrease bone repair, increase micro-fractures) and accelerate the progression of osteoarthritis by inhibiting synthesis of proteoglycans.

Wednesday, May 27, 2009

Nutrition & Behavior: A Lecture By Russell Blaylock, MD

Prescription Drugs Kill 300 Percent More Americans Than Illegal Drugs

Prescription Drugs Kill 300 Percent More Americans Than Illegal Drugs

by: David Gutierrez | Visit article original @ Natural News

photo
Heath Ledger found dead from prescription drug abuse. (Photo: AP)



A report by the Florida Medical Examiners Commission has concluded that prescription drugs have outstripped illegal drugs as a cause of death.

An analysis of 168,900 autopsies conducted in Florida in 2007 found that three times as many people were killed by legal drugs as by cocaine, heroin and all methamphetamines put together. According to state law enforcement officials, this is a sign of a burgeoning prescription drug abuse problem.

"The abuse has reached epidemic proportions," said Lisa McElhaney, a sergeant in the pharmaceutical drug diversion unit of the Broward County Sheriff's Office. "It's just explosive."

In 2007, cocaine was responsible for 843 deaths, heroin for 121, methamphetamines for 25 and marijuana for zero, for a total of 989 deaths. In contrast, 2,328 people were killed by opioid painkillers, including Vicodin and Oxycontin, and 743 were killed by drugs containing benzodiazepine, including the depressants Valium and Xanax.

Alcohol directly caused 466 deaths, but was found in the bodies of 4,179 cadavers in all.

While the number of dead bodies containing heroin jumped 14 percent from the prior year, to a total of 110, the number of deaths influenced by the painkiller oxycodone increased by 36 percent, to a total of 1,253.

Across the country, prescription drugs have become an increasingly popular alternative to the more difficult to acquire illegal drugs. Even as illegal drug use among teenagers have fallen, prescription drug abuse has increased. For example, while 4 percent of U.S. 12th graders were using Oxycontin in 2002, by 2005 that number had increased to 5.5 percent.

It's not hard for teens to come by prescription drugs, according to Sgt. Tracy Busby, supervisor of the Calaveras County, Calif., Sheriff's Office narcotics unit.

"You go to every medicine cabinet in the county, and I bet you're going to find some sort of prescription medicine in 95 percent of them," he said.

Adults can acquire prescriptions by faking injuries, or by visiting multiple doctors and pharmacies for the same health complaint. Some people get more drugs than they expect to need, then sell the extras.

"You have health care providers involved, you have doctor shoppers, and then there are crimes like robbing drug shipments," said Jeff Beasley of the Florida Department of Law Enforcement. "There is a multitude of ways to get these drugs, and that's what makes things complicated."

And while some people may believe that the medicines' legality makes them less dangerous than illegal drugs, Tuolumne County, Calif., Sheriff's Office Deputy Dan Crow warns that this is not the case. Because everybody reacts differently to foreign chemicals, there is no way of predicting the exact response anyone will have to a given dosage. That is why prescription drugs are supposed to be taken under a doctor's supervision.

"All this stuff is poison," Crow said. "Your body will fight all of this stuff." Tuolumne County Health Officer Todd Stolp agreed. A prescription drug taken recreationally is "much like a firearm in the hands of someone who's not trained to use them," he said.

While anyone taking a prescription medicine runs a risk of negative effects, the drugs are even more dangerous when abused. For example, many painkillers are designed to have a delayed effect that fades out over time. This can lead recreational users to take more drugs before the old ones are out of their system, placing them at risk of an overdose. Likewise, the common practice of grinding pills up causes a large dose of drugs to hit the body all at once, with potentially dangerous consequences.

"A medication that was meant to be distributed over 24 hours has immediate effect," Stolp said.

Even more dangerous is the trend of mixing drugs with alcohol, which, like most popularly abused drugs, is a depressant.

"In the case of alcohol and drugs, one plus one equals more than two," said Tuolumne County Sheriff's Office spokesperson Lt. Dan Bressler.

Florida pays careful attention to drug-related deaths, and as such has significantly better data on the problem than any other state. But a recent study conducted by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) suggests that the problem is indeed national. According to the DEA, the number of people abusing prescription drugs in the United States has jumped 80 percent in six years to seven million, or more than those abusing cocaine, Ecstasy, heroin, hallucinogens an inhalants put together.

Not surprisingly, there has been a corresponding increase in deaths. According to the Drug Abuse Warning Network, the number of emergency room visits related to painkillers has increased by 153 percent since 1995. And a 2007 report by the Justice Department National Intelligence Drug Center found that deaths related to the opioid methadone jumped from 786 in 1999 to 3,849 in 2004 - an increase of 390 percent.

Many experts attribute the trend to the increasing popularity among doctors of prescribing painkillers, combined with a leap in direct-to-consumer marketing by drug companies. For example, promotional spending on Oxycontin increased threefold between 1996 and 2001, to $30 million per year.

Sonora, Calif., pharmacist Eddie Howard reports that he's seen painkiller prescriptions jump dramatically in the last five years.

"I don't know that there is that much pain out there to demand such an increase," he said. The trend concerns Howard, and he tries to keep an eye out for patients who are coming in too frequently. But he admits that there is little he can do about the problem.

"When you have a lot of people waiting for prescriptions, it's hard to find time to play detective," he said.

Still, the situation makes Howard uncomfortable.

"It almost makes me a legalized drug dealer, and that's not a good position to be in," he said.

Top Pain Scientist Fabricated Data in Studies, Hospital Says

A prominent Massachusetts anesthesiologist allegedly fabricated 21 medical studies that claimed to show benefits from painkillers like Vioxx and Celebrex, according to the hospital where he worked.

Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Mass., said that its former chief of acute pain, Scott S. Reuben, had faked data used in the studies, which were published in several anesthesiology journals between 1996 and 2008.

[The anesthesiologist allegedly faked data in 21 studies on the use of various painkillers, including Vioxx.] Associated Press

The anesthesiologist allegedly faked data in 21 studies on the use of various painkillers, including Vioxx.

The hospital has asked the medical journals to retract the 21 studies, some of which reported favorable results from the use of painkillers like Pfizer Inc.'s Bextra and Merck & Co.'s Vioxx -- both since withdrawn -- as well as Pfizer's Celebrex and Lyrica. Dr. Reuben's research work also claimed positive findings for Wyeth's antidepressant Effexor XR as a pain killer. And he wrote to the Food and Drug Administration, urging the agency not to restrict the use of many of the painkillers he studied, citing his own data on their safety and effectiveness.

"Dr. Reuben deeply regrets that this happened," said the doctor's attorney, Ingrid Martin. "Dr. Reuben cooperated fully with the peer review committee. There were extenuating circumstances that the committee fairly and justly considered." She declined to explain the extenuating circumstances. Dr. Reuben didn't respond to requests for comment sent through Ms. Martin and left at his former office.

The retractions, first reported in Anesthesiology News, have caused anesthesiologists to reconsider the use of certain practices adopted as a result of Dr. Reuben's research, doctors said. His work is considered important in encouraging doctors to combine the use of painkillers like Celebrex and Lyrica for patients undergoing common procedures such as knee and hip replacements.

Last month, the journal Anesthesia & Analgesia retracted 10 of Dr. Reuben's studies and posted a list of the 11 published in other journals on its Web site. The journal Anesthesiology said it has retracted three of Dr. Reuben's articles.

Dr. Reuben had been a paid speaker on behalf of Pfizer's medicines, and it paid for some of his research. "It is very disappointing to learn about Dr. Scott Reuben's alleged actions," Pfizer said in a statement. "When we decided to support Dr. Reuben's research, he worked for a credible academic medical center and appeared to be a reputable investigator."

Wyeth said it isn't aware of any financial relationship between the company and Dr. Reuben.

An FDA spokeswoman said late Tuesday she wasn't aware of the matter. Merck had no immediate comment.

Hal Jenson, the chief academic officer at Baystate Medical, said a routine audit last spring flagged discrepancies in Dr. Reuben's work. That led to a larger investigation in which Dr. Reuben cooperated, Dr. Jenson said. "The conclusions are not in dispute," he added.

Dr. Reuben is on an indefinite leave from his post at Baystate, the hospital said. He no longer holds an appointment as a professor at Tufts University's medical school, according to the university.

Baystate concluded that "Dr. Reuben was solely responsible for the fabrication of data," Dr. Jenson said.

Jeffrey Kroin, who co-wrote four papers with Dr. Reuben, said he was dumbfounded to receive a letter earlier this year from Baystate, retracting the studies.

"We analyzed it and made figures and graphs, and sent it back, and wrote papers, and everything seemed fine," said Dr. Kroin of Rush University Medical Center in Chicago. "If someone has a good reputation, has 10 years of papers and has a very high position within their medical school, generally you assume they have a lot of integrity."

Jacques E. Chelly, the head of acute interventional postoperative pain service at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, said he was "shocked" by the news of the retractions. Dr. Reuben "was very well respected," Dr. Chelly said.

He added that the situation has prompted his hospital to review the protocols it uses to treat patients for pain, because Dr. Reuben's work was so influential in establishing them. He said the hospital was now conducting its own study to verify the efficacy of drugs that Dr. Reuben claimed were effective painkillers.

In an editorial in the journal Anesthesiology, editor James C. Eisenach warned that "these retractions clearly raise the possibility that we might be heading in wrong directions or toward blind ends in attempts to improve pain therapy."

The retracted studies aren't expected to affect the drugs' regulatory status because Dr. Reuben's studies weren't part of the packages that manufacturers submitted to the FDA or European authorities.

Write to Keith J. Winstein at keith.winstein@wsj.com and David Armstrong at david.armstrong@wsj.com

Fight for Kids against Psychiatric Drugging

fightforkids.org
Watch John Travolta and Kelly Preston and other celebrities speak up about this $1 Billion dollar pharmaceutical industry.

The Truth About Diet Soda

The Truth About Diet Soda

The authors of Eat This Not That reveal some hard truths about low-calorie sodas.

By Dave Zinczenko and Matt Goulding, Men's Health
Soda in glass (c) Image Source / Super Stock

We talk a lot about “watching what we eat,” but if you never gave a thought to what you ate and instead watched only what you drank, you could probably cut 450 calories a day out of your life—that’s nearly a pound of fat trimmed away each week! That's what a study from the University of North Carolina found. Americans today drink about 192 gallons of liquid a year—or about 2 liters a day. To put it into perspective, this is nearly twice as many calories as we did 30 years ago.

When confronted with the growing tide of calories from sweetened beverages, the first response is, “Why not just drink diet soda?” Well, for a few reasons. Eat This, Not That! did some research and found out some hard truths behind the low-calorie (and nutrition-free) beverage. The story isn't as clear-cut as you suspect, and it might make you think twice the next time you're looking for a thirst-quencher.

Hard truth No. 1

Just because diet soda is low in calories doesn't mean it can't lead to weight gain.

It may have only 5 or fewer calories per serving, but emerging research suggests that consuming sugary-tasting beverages—even if they're artificially sweetened—may lead to a high preference for sweetness overall. That means sweeter (and more caloric) cereal, bread, dessert—everything. Considering there are 15 calories in every teaspoon of sugar, that's not good news if you're watching your weight.

Hard truth No. 2

Guzzling these drinks all day long forces out the healthy beverages you need.

Diet soda is 100 percent nutrition-free—and it's important to remember that all that useless liquid is taking up space that could have gone to more healthy alternatives. On the positive side, it means you won’t be taking in equally non-nutritious, calorie- and sugar-packed options. But it's just as important to actively drink the good stuff as it is to avoid that bad stuff. So one diet soda a day is fine, but if you're downing five or six cans, that means you're limiting your intake of healthful beverages, particularly water and tea, which is high in antioxidants.

Plus, a recent study from Johns Hopkins found that restricting liquid caloric intake is a more effective way to lose weight than restricting calories from food. There’s no better place than by eliminating anything on our list of the 20 unhealthiest drinks in America.

Hard truth No. 3

There remain some concerns over aspartame, the low-calorie chemical used to give diet sodas their flavor.

Aspartame is 180 times sweeter than sugar, and some animal research has linked consumption of high amounts of the sweetener to brain tumors and lymphoma in rodents. The FDA maintains that the sweetener is safe, but reported side effects include dizziness, headaches, diarrhea, memory loss, and mood changes. Check out our guide to the 11 most controversial food additives to see how aspartame stacks up.

The bottom line is this: Diet soda does you no good, and it might just be doing you harm. The best way to hydrate is by drinking low-calorie, high-nutrient fluids—and choosing healthy alternatives, like the ones you'll find in our list of the 16 best drink swaps.

Now that you have a hold on your liquid assets, upgrade the rest of your grocery list by avoiding the 13 Worst "Healthy" Foods in the Supermarket.

Monday, May 25, 2009

Acupuncture and Massage for Chronic Pain


According to the American Pain Association, an estimated 86 million Americans suffer from chronic pain. Chronic pain can be characterized by persistent pain signals that are repeatedly fired from the nervous system, and they can last from weeks to years. As with most prevalent and life-affecting afflictions, there is a wide variety of solutions available; from over-the-counter medication to prescription drugs, chronic pain is dealt with daily in a variety of ways. However, traditional Chinese medicine may have two more effective means of relief to offer.

Both Chinese acupuncture and massage therapy are regularly used to alleviate chronic pain. There is some contention in the field of Oriental medicine as to which practice is more beneficial. According to the British Medical Journal, a recent study showed acupuncture to provide greater short-term pain relief and better range of motion than traditional massage. The conclusion of the British Medical Journal declared acupuncture to be a safe form of treatment for people with chronic neck pain and one that offers clear clinical advantages over conventional massage in the reduction of pain and improvement of mobility.
While acupuncture is believed by many to provide long-term relief for chronic pain, massage therapy also has a good deal of staunch believers. The Archives of Internal Medicine conducted a randomized trial comparing traditional Chinese medical acupuncture, therapeutic massage, and self-care education for chronic low back pain. The results this study stated that therapeutic massage was effective for persistent low back pain and provided long-lasting benefits, and that traditional Chinese acupuncture was "relatively ineffective." The Touch Research Institute has conducted over 90 clinical studies on the beneficial effects of massage therapy. These studies have proven massage therapy's effectiveness in the relief of not only chronic pain, but also juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, labor pain, fibromyalgia, and back pain